According to United Nations projections (medium variant), the world's population will increase by 72 percent between 1995 and 2050। It is hoped that by that time food deficits will be reduced, per caput food consumption in countries suffering from shortages will increase and the diets of populations will be diversified in order to eliminate specific deficiencies. All these changes will weigh heavily on food production systems, natural resources and the environment.
The main question is whether the required improvements in food production and available natural resources will be enough to cope with this population growth in a sustainable manner until 2050, when the world’s population is projected to stabilize. The distribution of natural resources needed for agricultural production does not correspond to the geographical distribution of population, and migration does not necessarily compensate for this difference in distribution, which can cause additional difficulty. This issue is relevant at the local, national, regional and international levels.